A Descriptive Review of Epidemiology of COVID–19 in Smokers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21467/preprints.329Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 caused by SARS Cov 2, gains entry to bronchial epithelial cells by binding of the viral spike protein to angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) receptors. We conducted a non - systematic review of databases with (English articles only), PubMed, Google Scholar using keywords like “COVID-19,” “SARS-CoV-2,” “novel coronavirus,” smoking,” “smokers,” “nicotine.” A total of 33 articles were reviewed. Smokers were 1.4 times more likely to have severe COVID-19 (RR=1.4 95% CI: 0.98-2.00), and 2.4 times more likely to require an ICU admission (RR= 2.4 CI: 1.43-4.04) when compared to non-smokers (n=926). Current smokers were less likely to experience an adverse outcome (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.24–0.74), compared to former smokers. 22% of current smokers and 46% of former smokers had more severe complications. Current smokers had a case fatality rate of 38.5% (n=1790) and higher odds of mortality (OR= 1.25) especially males >65 years (OR=2.51). Public education about smoking cessation should be implemented along with standard guidelines to prevent disease progression.
Keywords:
COVID-19, Coronavirus, smoking, mortality, Public healthDownloads
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Copyright (c) 2021 Rupalakshmi Vijayan , Shavy Nagpal, Swostik Pradhananga, Anoopa Mathew , Sindhu Thevuthasan , Sirisha Gara , Pavani Chitamanni , Syed Adeel Hassan
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