Unani-The Science of Holistic Healing
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21467/preprints.437Abstract
Unani medicine is a conventional medical system practised in South Asia. Hippocrates and Galen, two ancient Greek physicians, are credited with developing the principles of unani medicine. According to unani medicine, six physical or external elements known as asbab-e-sittah-zarooriah are crucial for developing a synchronised biological rhythm and, consequently, leading a healthy life. Al-umoor al-tabiyah, the seven fundamental physiological principles of Unani philosophy, are said to be harmoniously arranged and are thought to promote human health. Arkan, or elements, Mizaj, or temperament, akhlat, or body humours, Aaza, or organs and systems, Arwah, or vital spirit, Quwa, or abilities or powers, and Afaal, or functions are some of these principles. These seven organic elements interact with one another to keep the human body's basic constitution in balance. This paper discusses the important principles and holistic nature of Unani medicine.
Keywords:
Unani Medicine, holistic, asbab-e-sitta zaruriyahDownloads
References
Islam A. Origin and development of unani medicine: An analytical study. Intellect Discourse 2018;26:23–49.
Nikhat S, Fazil M. Overview of Covid-19; its prevention and management in the light of Unani medicine. Sci Total Environ 2020;728:138859. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138859.
LLOYD I. Traditional and complementary systems of medicine. In: Lloyd IBT-TE of H, editor. Energ. Heal., Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone; 2009, p. 13–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-443-06955-0.00002-6.
Fazil M, Nikhat S. Exploring new horizons in health care: A mechanistic review on the potential of Unani medicines in combating epidemics of infectious diseases. Phyther Res 2021;35:2317–35. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6949.
Khan AA, Parveen N, Raza R, Akbar S, Lari HA, Khan P, et al. Effectiveness and outcome of Unani medicine interventions on population at risk of COVID-19. Ann Phytomedicine An Int J 2021;COVID-19:5–11. https://doi.org/10.54085/ap.covid19.2021.10.2.2.
Yasir M, Fahad A, Ahmad I, Fazil M. Etiopathogenesis of Mälankhüliyä Maräqi (A Syndrome of Depression and Anxiety due to Gastro-Intestinal Pathology) 2020.
Majeedi SF, Roqaiya M, Begum W, Khan AA. A Review on Galactogogue Herbs of Unani Medicine. Int J Herb Med 2015;4:112–5.
Fazil M, Akram M. Factors contributing to irritability in diabetes mellitus type-2 patients. Altern Integr Med 2019;8:277.
Fatma G, Siddiqui MJ, Wani P, Habib A, Nikhat S. Therapeutic Uses and Benefits of Barley Water ( Ma-Ul-. World J Pharm Res 2019;8:396–405.
Shamsi Y, Khan R, Nikhat S. Clinically Significant Improvement in a Case of Bronchial Asthma with Unani Medicine: a Case Report. Tradit Integr Med 2019;4:130–6. https://doi.org/10.18502/tim.v4i3.1682.
Nasri RS, Sharafi M, Heravi J. Comparison of some concepts of administrative nature (Tabiyat) in Persian medicine with the immune system and homeostasis in modern medicine 2021.
Qaiser A, Abdullha M, Khan AM. An Overview of Prophylacticand Curative Approach for COVID-19 in Unani System of Medicine and Need of Development of the SOPs. AIJR Prepr 2020;210:2020.
Fazil M, Nikhat S, Akram M. Diabetes From Ancient to Modern Era. Hamdard Med 2012;55:27–31.
Mushtaq S, Jabeen A, Fasihuzzaman, Mushtaq M, Jilani S, Nikhat S, et al. Insomnia and its management in Unani medicine. Int J Recent Adv Pharm Res 2012;2:31–41.
Fazil M, Nikhat S, Ali I. An Insight into Unani Hypoglycemic Drugs and Their Mechanism of Action. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021;24:165–76. https://doi.org/10.2174/1386207323666200717143540.
Fazil M, Nikhat S. Topical medicines for wound healing: A systematic review of Unani literature with recent advances. J Ethnopharmacol 2020;257:112878. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.112878.
Chaudhary S, Shamsi Y, Nikhat S, Manjhi M, Akhtar MW, Ahmad S. Clinical evaluation of a topical Unani pharmacopoeial formulation Tila-e-Kalf in the management of melasma (Kalf): A randomized controlled clinical trial. Avicenna J Phytomedicine 2022. https://doi.org/10.22038/ajp.2022.21346.
Waseem A, Jamal A, Ahmad W, Fazil M. Siras ( Albizia Lebbeck ( L .) Benth .) and Its Medicinal Uses in Unani Medicine- a Review. CellMed 2020;10:1–5.
Rai A, Fazil M, Rasheed A, Ahmad B, Parveen S, Nikhat S. Role of Unani Medicines in Oro-Dental Diseases: A Comprehensive Review and Scientific Evidence. Fortune J Heal Sci 2020;01:30–54. https://doi.org/10.26502/fjhs008.
Andrews CF. Hakim Ajmal Khan. Publications Division Ministry of Information & Broadcasting; 1922.
Akhlaq S, Ara SA, Fazil M, Ahmad B, Akram U, Haque M, et al. Ethno pharmacology, phytochemical analysis, safety profile, prophylactic aspects, and therapeutic potential of Asarum europaeum L. in Unani medicine: An evidence-based appraisal. Phytomedicine Plus 2022;2:100226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phyplu.2022.100226.
Anjum R, Nikhat S, Siddiqui MJ, Jilani S. Dalak [Massage] A Unique Regimen of Unani Medicine. Hamdard Med 2011;54:41–5.
Nikhat S, Fazil M. An Analytical Review on Nutool (Irrigation) Therapy. J Drug Deliv Ther 2015;5:1–4. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v5i5.1127.
Nikhat S, Fazil M. A Review on Dalk (Massage) with Special Reference to the Prescribed Mediciations. Tradit Integr Med 2017;2:39–52.
Nikhat S, Fazil M. Principles and practice of fa?d (venesection) in unani/greco-arabian medicine. Imam J Appl Sci 2018;3:33.
Nikhat S, Fazil M. Hirudotherapy In The Modern World-An Updated Review. Asian J Complement Altern Med 2014;02:1–6.
Fazil M, Nikhat S. Cauterization in the Work of Ibn Al Qaf Masihi (1233-1286 Ad)-Medical Heritage of 13th Century. Tradit Integr Med 2019;4. https://doi.org/10.18502/tim.v4i2.1676.
Nikhat S, Fazil M. Kayi ( Cauterization )?: A Tribute to Unani Scholars. Med J Islam World Acad Sci 2013;21:81–8. https://doi.org/10.12816/0001494.
Fazil M, Nikhat S. Qai (Emesis): From Ancient To Modern Era and Its Therapeutic Efficacy in Various Disorders. J Drug Deliv Ther 2016;6:63–8. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v6i4.1292.
Nasir A, Fatma G, Ali W, Ahmad MA. Role of Ilaj bil Tadbeer (Regimental therapy) as non-medical therapy in Unani system of medicine. Eur J Pharm Med Res 2018;5:213–8.
Usmani S. Management of Musculoskeletal Disorder through Ilaj-bit-Tadbeer (Regimenal Therapy) - A Review. J Integr Community Heal 2021;10:22–6. https://doi.org/10.24321/2319.9113.202109.
Mirza GB, Quamri MA, Alam MA, khan MS, Ahmed Z. Ilaj Bil Ghiza (Dietotherapy): a Core Principle of Unani Treatment– an Appraisal. J Biol Sci Opin 2015;3:52–6. https://doi.org/10.7897/2321-6328.03112.
Hamid A. Ilaj-bil-tadbeer (regimental therapy): a noble method of treatment in Unani medicine: A review. Int J Med Res 2018;3:1–6.
Alam SS, Sahibole SY, A W, A Z, S G. Non-healing ulcers treated with Unani formulation: A case series. Int J Med Heal Res 2016;2:27–30.
Akhlaq S, Ara SA, Ahmad B, Fazil M, Akram U, Haque M, et al. Interventions of Unani medicine for maintenance of health with special reference to air quality: An evidence-based review. Rev Environ Health 2021. https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2021-0116.
Fazil M, Akram M, Kapoor P. General Hypochondriasis in Diabetes Mellitus Type-II (DM-II): Implications for Clinicians. GjmedphOrg n.d.
Imran Ali, Mohd Suhail, Mohd Fazil, Bilal Ahmad, Ahmad Sayeed, Farooq Naqshbandi AA. Anti-cancer and Anti-oxidant Potencies of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb . Plant Extracts. Am J Adv Drug Deliv J Adv Drug Deliv 2019;14:92–113.
Fazil M, Akram M, Kapoor P. Diabetes mellitus Type-II (DM-II) and disease conviction: An exploration of the possible causes. J Adv Psychol Res 2013;1:16–21.
Shamsi Y, Nikhat S, Mukherjee A, Gombar V, Sinha S. Role of Unani Neuroprotective Herbal Drugs in The Management of Autism. Int J Res Rev 2015;2:343–7.
Nsuworks N, Hallett J, De S. Effects of COVID-19 on Education in Healthcare and STEM. AIJR Prepr 2020;275:1–17.
Khan R, Shamsi Y, Nikhat S. Medicinal Benefits of Adhatoda Vasica Nees . -in Unani and. Cellmed 2020;10:1–7.
Nikhat S, Shamsi Y, Fazil M. Overcoming Pain: An Exploration of Analgesia in Ibn Sina’s Al-Qanoon Fil Tibb. J Drug Deliv Ther 2019;9:571–4. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i3.2755.
Fazil M, Nikhat S. Why the “sugars” in traditional Unani formulations are a pivotal component: A viewpoint perspective. J Integr Med 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joim.2022.01.002.
Fazil M, Nikhat S. Nutraceutical and Pharmacological Appraisal of ?mla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.): A Review. European J Med Plants 2019:1–13. https://doi.org/10.9734/ejmp/2019/v30i330176.
Krishnaveni M, Mirunalini S. Therapeutic potential of phyllanthus emblica (amla): The ayurvedic wonder. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2010;21:93–105. https://doi.org/10.1515/JBCPP.2010.21.1.93.
Kumar A, Rai A, Khan MS, Kumar A, Haque ZU, Fazil M, et al. Role of herbal medicines in the management of patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Tradit Complement Med 2022;12:100–13. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2022.01.002.
Nikhat S, Fazil M. History, phytochemistry, experimental pharmacology and clinical uses of honey: A comprehensive review with special reference to Unani medicine. J Ethnopharmacol 2022;282:114614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2021.114614.
Fazil M, Nikhat S. Therapeutic and palliative role of a unani herbal decoction in COVID-19 and similar respiratory viral illnesses: Phytochemical & pharmacological perspective. J Ethnopharmacol 2022:115526. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2022.115526.
Ashraf MU, Muhammad G, Hussain MA, Bukhari SNA. Cydonia oblonga M., A medicinal plant rich in phytonutrients for pharmaceuticals. Front Pharmacol 2016;7:163. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2016.00163.
Ara SA, Ahmad B, Fazil M, Akhlaq S, Akram U, Haque M, et al. Izkhar [Cymbopogon martinii (Roxb.)] Wats.: An evidence-based review on its phytochemical aspect and hepatoprotective traditional use in Unani medicine. J Herb Med 2022;34:100576. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100576.
Waseem A, Jamal A, Akram U, Fazil M. Epilepsy and its Management in Unani Medicine. Acta Sci Neurol 2020;3:11–8. https://doi.org/10.31080/asne.2020.03.0224.
Gulati K, Verma P, Rai N, Ray A. Role of nutraceuticals in respiratory and allied diseases. In: Gupta RC, Lall R, Srivastava ABT-N (Second E, editors. Nutraceuticals Effic. Saf. Toxic., Academic Press; 2021, p. 101–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821038-3.00007-0.
Ara SA, Akhlaq S, Ahmad B, Fazil M, Akram U, Haque M, et al. Concept of Unani Jali (detergents/cleansers) drugs and its scientific validation: Scope for new opportunities in dermatological pharmacotherapeutics. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2022. https://doi.org/10.1515/dmpt-2022-0121.
Nikhat S, Fazil M. Determination of the Shelf Life and Expiry Date of Herbal Compound Drugs: a Review. Int J Sci Res Manag 2013;1:415–20.
Ali I, Suhail M, Naqshbandi MF, Fazil M, Ahmad B, Sayeed A. Role of Unani Medicines in Cancer Control and Management. Curr Drug Ther 2018;14:92–113. https://doi.org/10.2174/1574885513666180907103659.
Downloads
Posted
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Yasir Khan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Any non-commercial use, distribution, adaptation, and reproduction in any medium is permitted as long as the original work is properly cited. However, caution and responsibility are required when reusing as the articles on the preprint server are not peer-reviewed. Readers are advised to check for the availability of any updated or peer-reviewed version.
