A Systematic Review on the Potency and How Safe Chloroquine is for the Treatment of COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21467/preprints.58Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) is a global health emergency of serious health concern. However, there is no current medical treatment, although it is much needed for patient contracting the severe form of the disease. This systematic review was to explain the information regarding chloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19 via the data obtain from PubMed and other three trial Registries which were searched for review and the use of chloroquine in patients with COVID-19. Four articles were included (one narrative letter, one in-vitro study, one commentary and one editorial) and review on other 14 ongoing clinical trials in China. Chloroquine seems to have great potential in reducing the replication of SARS-CoV-2 (virus causing COVID-19) in vitro. There is high chance, pre-clinical evidence of effectiveness and information of safety from long-time clinical use for other indications to describe the clinical research on Chloroquine in patients with COVID-19. However, clinical description should either adhere to the Monitored Emergency Use of Unregistered Interventions (MEURI) framework or be ethically approved as a trial as stated by the World Health Organization. Safety data and data from high-quality clinical trials are urgently needed.
Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Chloroquine, Pneumonia, CoronavirusDownloads
References
Colson, P., Rolain, J.M., and Raoult, D. (2020). Chloroquine for the 2019 novel coronavirus SARSCoV-2. Int J. Antimicrob Agents. 13:105-123.
Farner, K. (2020). Chloroquine use as a Global Challenge. Italian Society of Infectious and Tropical disease. 2:23-26.
Gao, J., Tian, Z., and Yang, X. (2020). Breakthrough: chloroquine phosphate has shown apparent efficacy in treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia in clinical studies. Biosci. Trends. 1: 4-7.
Golden, K.L., and John, D.E. (2020). Priority Disease Key action on Table of Therapeutics. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2: 76-79.
Guan, W.J., Ni, Z.Y., Hu, Y., Liang, W.H., Ou, C.Q., and He, J.X. (2020). Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2:20-32.
Huang, C., Wang, Y., Li, X., Ren, L., Zhao, J., and Hu, Y. (2020). Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 395:497–506.
James, K., Daniel, M., and Garner, D. (2020). Re-emergency of Chloroquine use. The Dutch Center of Disease control (CDC). 1:2-4.
Lenk, C., and Duttge, G. (2014). Ethical and legal framework and regulation for off-label use: European perspective. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 10:537–546.
Savarino, A., Boelaert, J.R., Cassone, A., Majori, G., and Cauda, R. (2003). Effects of chloroquine on viral infections: an old drug against today’s diseases? Lancet Infect Dis. 3:722–7.
Wang, D., Hu, B., Hu, C., Zhu, F., Liu, X., and Zhang, J. (2020). Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. Jama. 1:15-18.
Wang, M., Cao, R., Zhang, L., Yang, X., Liu, J., and Xu, M. (2020). Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro. Cell Res. 2:8-12.
Wu, Z., and McGoogan, J.M. (2020). Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Jama. 1:1-5.
Yang, X., Yu, Y., Xu, J., Shu, H., Xia, J., and Liu, H. (2020). Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med. 13:26-30.
Zhonghua, J., He, H., Xi, H., and Zhi, Z. (2020). Multicenter collaboration group of Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province and Health Commission of Guangdong Province for chloroquine in the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia. Expert consensus on chloroquine phosphate for the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia. 43:9-14.
Downloads
Posted
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Abdullahi Aborode
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Any non-commercial use, distribution, adaptation, and reproduction in any medium is permitted as long as the original work is properly cited. However, caution and responsibility are required when reusing as the articles on the preprint server are not peer-reviewed. Readers are advised to check for the availability of any updated or peer-reviewed version.
